Directeur de la Promotion des droits de l’enfant, Niokhobaye Diouf, revient dans cet entretien express accordé à Tribune, sur les meurtres atroces et les cas d’enlèvements notés ces derniers jours chez les enfants, la couche la plus vulnérable de la société. Si d’aucuns parlent de sacrifices liés, à l’approche de la présidentielle de 2019, de son côté, lui croit dur comme fer que les politiciens étant des cartésiens, ils ne sauraient en aucune manière faire accroire qu’il faille sacrifier une vie humaine pour gagner une élection.
Ces jours-ci, des cas d’enlèvements et des meurtres atroces concernant les enfants sont notés au Sénégal. En réalité, que se passe-t-il ?
C’est assez inquiétant et préoccupant pour toute la communauté. C’est un phénomène qui prend de l’ampleur. Je le range très souvent dans la catégorie de la médiatisation excessive. Avant, les mêmes phénomènes se produisaient, mais n’avaient pas une telle ampleur. Même si d’autres essaient de trouver d’autres justificatifs concernant ces crimes, il faut surtout dire que ce sont des faits criminels que nous condamnons. Ce qui est sûr, ces phénomènes sont atroces. Le gouvernement du Sénégal est préoccupé par cette situation et est en train d’apprécier à sa juste valeur les tenants et aboutissants de ces crimes pour essayer de voir, avec l’enquête de la police qui est en cours, ce qu’il en est exactement.
Pour rapport à votre expérience et cursus, avez-vous une explication, même si elle peut paraître irrationnelle ?
Vous pensez certainement à certaines supputations qui laissent penser qu’à l’approche d’élections, ce sont des cas de sacrifices qui se passent. Mais, je ne saurais m’aventurer dans ce sens, d’autant plus que, quelles que soient les motivations, nous ne détenons pas encore les réponses tant que nous n’aurons pas les conclusions des enquêtes de la gendarmerie et de la police. Ces raisons peuvent être fondées ou pas, mais, encore une fois, je ne saurai m’aventurer à donner des réponses de cette nature. Dans tous les cas, nous les condamnons et la société doit se sentir solidaire à la situation des enfants.
Est-ce que vous vous sentez à l’aise lorsque des gens pointent du doigt les acteurs politiques comme étant au cœur de ce phénomène ?
Je ne peux pas le dire ou accuser un politicien ou un autre. Pour le moment, ce ne sont que des supputations, même si le contexte pourrait le justifier. Moi, je suis convaincu que les politiciens étant des cartésiens, ne sauraient croire qu’il faille sacrifier une vie humaine pour gagner une élection. Un esprit cartésien ne saurait l’accepter. Maintenant, la pensée populaire peut amplifier une telle croyance. En tout cas, à chaque fois qu’un phénomène dépasse l’entendement, les gens essaient de trouver une explication. Et celle-là, la plus simple, est d’accuser les politiciens. Aussi, est-ce qu’il n’y a pas de politiciens qui laissent prospérer ce message pour installer une psychose ? Tout est possible. Mais, dans tous les cas, aucune enquête de police n’a jamais démontré une telle chose. Le parent qui a tué son enfant à Keur Massar était sous l’emprise de la drogue. Et, ce sont des cas que nous vivons. Seulement, il faut que la société qui a perdu ses vertus, reviennent encore à la solidarité. Quelqu’un s’arrête à un coin de rue, sans être inquiété, sans que l’on cherche s’il ne cherche pas à faire du mal. Dans les maisons, il y a aussi des personnes violentes et constituent des dangers pour les enfants. Personne n’en parle et l’on attend qu’elle commette un drame. Il y a le numéro vert de la police et de la gendarmerie. Donc, il faut avoir le culte de la dénonciation.
Vous avez été au cœur du retrait des enfants talibés très exposés dans la rue. Qu’en est-il exactement ?
Les enfants talibés, c’est aussi de la responsabilité collective. Quand le Président de la République annonce une mesure de retrait, je crois qu’il s’adresse à toute la nation. Nous avons vu des initiatives communautaires en termes de regroupements comme les “Bajènu gox” et “Ndeyu daara” et d’autres acteurs qui se sont portés volontaires pour assister les daaras. Il y a aussi des acteurs qui indexent l’État, oubliant que tous les moyens ne sont pas disponibles. Par exemple, rien qu’à Dakar, la cartographie de 2014 indiquait qu’il y avait plus de 54.000 enfants pour 18.000 filles et 36.000 garçons dans les daaras. Aujourd’hui, nous en sommes à 30.160 enfants qui s’adonnent à la mendicité entre une heure et quatre heures. Quand nous avons lancé les plans de retrait, il y a eu une embellie jusqu’à faire disparaître des quartiers certains enfants. Les ressources n’ont pas trop suffi, mais nous avions élaboré un plan de plus de deux milliards Cfa pour éradiquer la mendicité à Dakar, et quatorze milliards pour toute l’étendue du territoire. Certains acteurs devaient mettre la main à la poche et accompagner un tel projet. Dans la ville de Touba, nous avons recensé 128.000 enfants pour 1524 daaras. Et tous ces enfants doivent bénéficier de la Couverture maladie universelle (Cmu), parce que c’est le défunt Khalife (Serigne Sidy Mokhtar Mbacké) qui s’était personnellement investi pour les inscrire dans ce programme. Il faut dire que le taux Cmu-élève qui tourne autour de 3000 Cfa leur a été appliqué. Nous avons négocié et il y a une véritable baisse acceptée par le Directeur de la Cmu.
Quels messages lancez-vous à l’endroit de la société censée protéger les enfants ?
L’enfant doit avoir une stabilité et la paix. Ce sont des responsabilités qui incombent aux parents. L’enfant doit aussi être protégé contre ses parents, ses frères, sœurs et la société. Et cela, c’est une responsabilité de l’État. Entre l’école et le daara, il y a la rue. Donc, il faut aussi de la protection. Il faut leur assurer un bien-être et une sécurité, même si elle n’existe pas à cent pour cent. Et, entre la boutique et la maison, quelque chose peut se passer. Il faut lutter contre la violence et tout faire pour diminuer le coefficient jusqu’à un faible niveau. Il y a des gens malades mentaux, mais il y a surtout des obsédés sexuels. Donc, il appartient à la communauté d’être le gardien de l’enfant. Il faut dénoncer les personnes jugées suspectes.
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An initial providing of currencies , often known as ICO ( Initial Coin Providing in English), is a
fundraising mechanism during which new initiatives promote their underlying cryptographic tokens in alternate for bitcoin and ether.
Storjcoins are crypto-tokens, which were launched
by during its ICO. On the primary day of the month of August, the Bitcoin blockchain bought
break up and gave rise to a completely new foreign money – bitcoin cash.
Some token holders expect to make a return on their funding by reselling on the cryptocurrency exchanges.
Some ICOs use a single public Bitcoin deal with to raise funds, which is dangerous for privateness,
however is nice for a neighborhood audit of the health of the ICO and the money raised.
It’s one of many easiest and most efficient methods for firms and individuals
to fund their projects and for normal users to invest in initiatives
they see value in. An Initial Coin Providing is an occasion that often extends over a period of 1 week or
extra and by which everyone seems to be allowed to purchase newly
issued tokens in change for established cryptocurrencies
like Bitcoin (BTC) or Ether (ETH).
Digital tokens traded on a secondary market might give rise to
dangers of inadequate liquidity or volatile and
opaque pricing. As soon as the ICO is accomplished and
the challenge launched, the ICO tokens get listed of cryptocurrency exchanges
to commerce towards other cryptocurrencies. Venture capital corporations and in rare cases for public traders, they are
granted fairness for the funding in the coin together with voting rights and dividends.
Given bitcoin and the bigger cryptocurrency world’s deep custom of enduring bad behavior , it’s not a shock that ICOs
are attracting humans of base intent.
The developed by B2Broker cryptocurrency change could resolve
not only this downside, however many others including the problems of regulation and software improvement aiming to facilitate
the mixing with any dealer or alternate system.
Several different cryptocurrencies have been funded with ICO, for example, Lisk, which
sold its coins for round $5mio in early 2016. Native outlet
Caixin reported that a discover, issued by a working committee that oversees danger in the nation’s
internet finance sector, mentioned new initiatives raising money or different virtual currencies
by cryptocurrencies will be banned.
B2BX will turn into a marketplace for regulated and authorized brokers that combine bitcoin trading with existing retail foreign currency trading options.
The SEC’s report states that tokens offered and sold by a
‘virtual’ organization known as ‘The DAO’ had been securities and subsequently topic to the federal securities legal guidelines.” The
DAO raised more than $a hundred million in a crowdsale last 12 months earlier
than a hacker managed to steal tens of tens of millions of
dollars value of digital forex, resulting in the DAO’s collapse.
Whether it’s on the Bitcoin’s blockchain,
Ethereum’s (smart contract), Waves, and extra.
Nonetheless, this era additionally noticed several profitable ICOs like Ethereum.
For example, if a startup know-how agency has a business
plan to use blockchain for a certain answer, say, enhance the again-finish of securities or cost
processing, or improve record maintaining in the insurance coverage sector, investors would
buy the tokens earlier than such an answer is actually realized
or operational. Which means, 10% of Ethereum holdings
marked for ICO investment lies within the hands
of criminals.
In the mean time, most ICOs are structured by means of not-for-profit companies
based mostly in Singapore and Switzerland , where regulations still permit anonymous crowdsale of digital
assets. It should additionally indicate the monetary instrument to be offered during the ICO, normally tokens.
Tens of initiatives have amassed millions of dollar inside days, hours,
or seconds, with superstars equivalent to blockchain structure firms EOS and Tezos
soaring over $a hundred and fifty million and $200 million. The
SEC (the federal government agency liable for defending traders and capital markets within the United States) is
claimed to be trying into The DAO.
Lastly, Bitcoin’s block time is too lengthy to be possible for an ICO.
Even though ICOs have been gaining traction over the last
few months, buyers must be cautious and perform their
due diligence when investing in an ICO. First Bitcoin Capital sees itself as a gatekeeper and by appearing
because the underwriter, assists in separating the great with the dangerous within the interest of longevity throughout
the phase, by the use of sound due diligence on the underwritten ICOs.
The release comes after regulators in Ontario printed
an advisory on ICOs in March, and just below a month after the US Securities and Trade Commission said that its guidelines could apply to some
token gross sales.
Presently, ICOs are unregulated; which means there is no third party defending the funds you make investments.
Some cash generate value by conferring a stake in the future income of the projects, whereas some
coins equate its value to usage within its ecosystem; the extra
adoption the coin gets, the higher its worth shall be.
The primary problem is, though, that almost all ICO’s do not really supply
fairness in begin-up ventures; as a substitute,
they only provide discounts on cryptocurrencies before they hit the exchanges.
The agency invests solely in, yes, corporations exploring applied sciences associated to
bitcoin and the blockchain. An ICO’s functioning is straightforward:
a workforce with an thought, however wanting funds, use blockchain technology to challenge a certain amount
of digital tokens (aka cash”) offered in an auction to folks paying in ether, Bitcoin or, seldom, common cash like dollars or pounds.
Inner, self-regulation may very well be on the horizon, with projects like Balanc3 in search of to demystify ICOs and enhance transparency, with the hopes of holding
token turbines to account.
TIP: Particularly, for ethereum-primarily based ICOs, you’ll typically need a ERC-20 token friendly pockets” (that means a pockets that may maintain the type of tokens
you will be using). If 2BTC is put in that places one hundred,000 Xcoins at a
2BTC market cap. After the project is developed and launched, the tokens’ value becomes secured by a real, working product.
The decision of the latter is essential for the way forward for crypto foreign money in the face of Bitcoin centralization. A token sale is like a crowdfunding campaign, except it makes use of the technology behind
Bitcoin to verify transactions.
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