Pour l’historien sénégalais Ibrahima Thioub, la vente aux enchères de migrants subsahariens en Libye éclaire d’un jour nouveau les traites du passé.
Tribune. Il y a de cela dix-sept ans, à l’occasion du quatrième congrès de l’Association des historiens africains, à Bamako, j’exposais pour la première fois mes idées sur les lectures africaines de la traite des Africains mis en captivité et destinés à une migration forcée outre-Atlantique. A l’époque, jeune historien d’une innocente naïveté, je m’aventurais sur le sujet à partir d’une tentative d’analyse critique des lectures africaines des traites esclavagistes et de l’esclavage, que je prenais pour un objet de réflexion comme un autre, sans en mesurer toute la charge mémorielle et donc émotionnelle.
Je soutenais alors que les élites politiques et marchandes africaines et leurs Etats n’avaient pas subi en victimes amorphes la traite atlantique. J’avançais qu’ils avaient eu leur propre agenda en prenant part à la mise en œuvre du système de violence producteur des captifs exportés aux Amériques. Il me semblait alors dévalorisant pour l’Afrique et contraire à la vérité historique de penser que les Européens sont venus, pour ainsi dire, razzier les captifs dans les villages sans la participation active de certains segments des sociétés africaines.
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